In this article, we will be reviewing the best drill presses for woodworking. These drills are great for professional and amateur woodworkers alike.
In fact, many of these drills have been used to make cabinets and other furniture pieces in some of the finest homes around the world. Let’s get started! Woodworking is a great hobby, but it can be hard to find the right tools. You might not know what drill press you need for your woodworking projects. There are so many options out there that it’s easy to get overwhelmed and frustrated with all of the choices.
We’re here to help! In this article, we’ll review 13 different drills that would work well for woodworking projects, from small items like jewelry boxes or picture frames to large furniture pieces like cabinets or dining room tables. Let’s take a look at these top-rated drills below!
Best for quality : Jet JDP-15B 15
Best for powerful and portable : JET JWDP-12, 12-Inch Benchtop Drill Press, 1/2HP, 115V 1PH (716000)
Best for durable : Shop Fox W1848 Oscillating Floor Drill Press
Best for heavy-duty : WEN 4214 12-Inch Variable Speed Drill Press
Best budget: WEN 4212T 5-Amp 10-Inch Variable Speed Benchtop Drill Press with Laser
- Expand your drill press workspace; compatible with the entire WEN Drill Press series
- Spacious table measures in at 23-7/8 x 11-7/8 x 1 inches
- Unique design provides clearance for the drill press’ table height adjustment crank
- Features a 5-amp induction motor, a 10-inch swing, and a 2-inch spindle travel
- Adjust the mechanical variable speed anywhere from 530 to 3100 RPM
- Digital speed readout displays current RPM of the machine for maximum precision
- 【Mortising Attachment for Drill Press】Square hole drill bit adapter is fit for benchtop drill presses and electric hand drill, clamp diameter ranging between 38 to 55mm/1.5 to 2.2inch, allowing for effortless installation and use. Suitable for all sizes of square hole drill bit.
- 【Square Hole Drill Fixing Bracket】Square hole drill bit adapter is for table drill, Drill Machine, Mortising Machine, hand drill. Square Hole Drill Bit Adapter is perfect for woodworking, furniture making, and other related industries.
- 【Bench Drill Mortise Accessories】Mortise fixing bracket is easy to use, you can quickly install or remove yourself, saving you time and effort.
- INCLUDES: (20 Piece) Drill Press Sanding Drum Kit with (4) long sanding barrel arbor drums with ¼” and 1/8” sander bit attachments, (16) total different sized sanding bands, and a convenient molded carrying case
- FUNCTION: This sanding drum for drill press kit is equipped with drill sanding attachment bits that contain 1” long steel shanks that will fits your 1/4-inch tools or drill press - Perfect for sanding holes, contours, and irregular shapes - Plus allows you to smooth out rough edges and cuts with high precision
- APPLICATIONS: Complete with assorted sized drums with sleeves, matching arbors and spindles ideal for polishing both soft and hard materials, woods, plastics and metals, and multi-purpose enough to suit your needs for general purpose, DIY or professional woodworking projects
- Features a 2.3A induction motor, an 8-inch swing, and a 2-inch spindle travel
- Includes a 1/2-inch keyed chuck and onboard key storage
- Operates at 5 different speeds: 750, 1100, 1500, 2100, or 3200 RPM
- Material: Woodworking square hole drill bits are made of high-speed steel, Heat treatment process, Sharp and wear-resistant bladed and not easy to break, square drill bit with high hardness ,long using life
- High efficiency: The U-shaped long chip flute design facilitates removal of sawdust and improves drilling efficiency, Combination of long drill core and square chisel easy to drill square hole, saving labor and effort , improve work efficiency.
- Multi Size available: Come with total 5pcs different size square drill bits, 1/4"(6.4mm), 5/16"(8mm), 7/16"(9.5mm), 1/2"(12.7mm), 5/8"(mm). Can meet most your needs.
- 【PACKAGE INCLUDES】 - Our Mortising Attachment for Drill Press Set include:locator,press block,side positioning rod,fixed seat and other accessories,also comes with 4 kinds of mortise chisel sizes for mortising machine:1/4 inch,1/2 inch,3/8 inch and 5/8 inch,these mortise and tenon tools are stored in our storage boxes for easy portable storage.
- 【HIGH CUTTING EFFICIENCY】 - The product's square hole drill bit is made of high quality steel,specially designed drill attachments bit with mortiser will not be blocked by sawdust when used,high hardness,no rolled edge,fast cutting,the mortise chisels are too sharp,please pay attention to safety when taking out.
- 【PLEASE NOTE】 - This product has certain size requirements for the matching bench drill, the group is suitable for the bench drill with drill diameter of 2.07inch,2.16inch,2.28inch,2.36inch. Bench top drill press,the vertical distance between the bench drill chuck and the the vertical distance between the bench drill chuck and the workbench is at least 15.7inch,otherwise it cannot be installed,please check the product specifications carefully through the pictures.
- Bench Press Accessories: the maximum jaw capacity of this drill press clamp is 2 inches, the throat depth is 3 inches and the total length is 9 inches; The press clips can be fixed directly on the drilling machine slot, are easy to operate, which are recommended for solderer and woodworkers
- Practical Drilling Supplies: our bench press clamps can be adjusted according to your preference, and are compatible with T tracks, clamping tables and tables, and ideal for general clamping, drilling, routing, cutting, etc
- Easy to Attach: our drill press table clamp is convenient for you to drill table slots, and release lever allows for easy separation, which can improve your working efficiency and bring you a lot of convenience
- SIZE: 1/2inch, 3/4 inch, 1inch, 1-1/2 inch, and 2 inch
- GRIT: 80# 120# ; 2sets (10pcs) x Coarse Sleeves (80grit), 2sets (10pcs) x Fine Sleeves (120grit)
- SPECIFICATION: 20 sanding bands, 5 Drum mandrels, and 1 plastic storage case
- 【High Quality】The mini drill press adopts full copper wire motor and cast iron base. The breakage rate of the drill bit is low, and the whole machine runs smoothly and has a long service life.
- 【Three Speed Adjustable】The benchtop drill press has speed regulation function, the first gear is 1800 -8000r/min, the second gear is 2200 -10000r/min, and the last gear is 2600 -12000r/min. The bench drill press allows you to operate at a suitable and precise speed, which is more efficient and accurate.
- 【Compact Structure】This mini benchtop drill press offers most of the features that a large benchtop drill press can offer in a smaller size, saving you a lot of space in your shop and making a great addition to your workbench.
Best Drill Press For Woodworking 2023
Jet JDP-15B 15″ Drill Press, 16-Speed (716200)
- Plenty of Travel: Spindle travels a full 3-1/8" with one revolution of the handle
- Large 12-1/2" x 17" Work Table: Features twin T-slot grooves and four table slots to accommodate any project
- Accurate Drilling: XACTA-X Precision Laser System easily identifies the drill center
The Jet JDP-15B 15″ Drill Press, 16-Speed is a great choice for those looking to make furniture items as well as smaller projects. With a large work surface of 12-1/2″ x 17″ and a spindle travel of 3-1/8″, this drill can handle most any project that comes it’s the way. It also features a one-handed belt tensioning system that allows for rapid speed changes, making it perfect for complex projects.
One thing that stands out about this product is the increased visibility thanks to the LED work light. This light greatly increases visibility from intricate points on the project from which you cannot see clearly otherwise. It also features a XACTA laser that ensures precision by marking the workpiece as it is being drilled. With a max speed of 3,500 RPM and 16 different speeds, you’ll have the right speed for whatever your project calls for.
Some customers have mentioned that this drill press is a little loud, making it difficult to use in some settings. As far as assembly goes, there were some complaints about the instructions being unclear and difficult to follow.
Pros
– Large work surface of 12-1/2″ x 17″.
– Spindle travel of 3-1/8″.
– One-handed belt tensioning system.
Cons
– It is a little loud and the instructions are not clear.
JET JWDP-12, 12-Inch Benchtop Drill Press, 1/2HP, 115V 1PH (716000)
- Compact Profile: 10" x 16-1/8" cast iron base fits neatly on benches with limited space
- Ease of Use: Oversized, ergonomic knobs
- Drilling Accuracy: X-shaped XACTA Laser ensures perfection every time
I have been using this drill for about a year now and I couldn’t be happier with it. It’s powerful yet perfect for small jobs, portable enough to go anywhere, and has a large work area. The only downside is that the paddle switch sometimes falls off, but it is easy to replace.
This drill press is a great addition to the shop, it’s compact and powerful with easy depth adjustment and extended support. The only downside is that there were some issues with my unit but Jet customer service responded quickly and resolved the issue in less than 48 hours.
Love this thing. Shipped quickly and works like a champ!
Pros
– Powerful and perfect for small jobs
– Portable enough to go anywhere
– Large work area
Cons
– The paddle switch sometimes falls off
Shop Fox W1848 Oscillating Floor Drill Press
- Motor: 3/4 HP, 110V
- Swing: 13-3/4"
- Drill chuck: 1/64"-5/8"
The Shop Fox W1848 Oscillating Floor Drill Press is a drill press that is planned with a wavering axle for proficient shape sanding. The wavering lessens heat develop and leaves a smooth completion while sanding.
The table can be tilted 90 degrees in both directions and it also has the option to move out of the way, which allows for drilling or sanding on top of the base. Lastly, this floor model drill press adds capacity and weight for a rock-solid durable build.
Pros
-Oscillating spindle for efficient contour sanding
-Table can be tilted 90 degrees in both directions and it also has the option to move out of the way, which allows for drilling or sanding on top of the base.
-This floor model drill press adds capacity and weight for a rock-solid durable build.
Cons
– Expensive
– Heavy
WEN 4214 12-Inch Variable Speed Drill Press
- Infinitely variable speed ranges from 580-3200 RPMS. Mechanical variable speed delivers equal torque throughout the range. LED read out displays speed.
- Spindle Travel of 3-1/8" with easy to read, locking linear depth stop for accurate and repeatable drilling operations. Front to the back of the motor is 22 inches
- Quill diameter of 2.17 inches. Durable 2/3hp induction motor develops ample torque and power. Motor: 120 V, 60 Hz. Laser Module: Class III
The WEN is a bench-top drill press that is able to handle a variety of materials. The design ensures accurate holes. This is a very powerful drill with a lot of features that most benchtop drills don’t have. It’s heavy enough to handle the toughest jobs and the laser helps you to make sure you’re drilling in the right spot. I would highly recommend this to anyone who needs a bigger drill for their shop!
This WEN 4214 12-Inch Variable Speed Drill Press is well made and sturdy. The laser was a great feature and really helped to make sure the holes went straight each time. I like that it has variable speeds and can handle tough jobs. It’s perfect for my home shop!
Pros
-Heavy-duty drill press
-Laser helps you make sure of where your drilling
-Variable speed is really nice especially when dealing with tough jobs
Cons
-Not the cheapest product on the market but it does its job well
WEN 4212T 5-Amp 10-Inch Variable Speed Benchtop Drill Press with Laser
- Features a 5-amp induction motor, a 10-inch swing, and a 2-inch spindle travel
- Adjust the mechanical variable speed anywhere from 530 to 3100 RPM
- Digital speed readout displays current RPM of the machine for maximum precision
I am very happy with this drill press. I especially like the quick release-chuck and the fact that it bevels upwards to 45 degrees for those tricky jobs. I also really like the laser which is a good way to make sure I’m drilling straight and not wasting material or missing my mark. The press was packaged very nicely and arrived quickly. It was easy to put together and feels solidly built and durable. I would highly recommend this product to anyone who wants a quality, professional-grade drill press at an affordable price.
I’m a professional cabinetmaker and I own 2 different drill presses. One of them is this Wen 4212t 5-Amp 10-Inch Variable Speed Benchtop Drill Press with Laser. It’s very easy to use, it has enough torque for making cabinets and plumbing countertops (I had to make some countertops out of granite and that was easy as pie), and it is very accurate for working with templates. For the price, I would totally recommend this to other professionals and semi-pro people!
Pros
– Great torque
– Quick-release Chuck
– Laser for accuracy
Cons
– Loud noise
BILT HARD 10 inch 12-Speed Drill Press
- Powerful Motor: 6.2A 3/4 HP motor. 10 inch swing, 2-9/25" spindle travel, 5/8" keyed chuck.
- T-Track Kits: 2* 22" T-Track, 1* 8ft ruler (sticky back), 3* T-Bolt, useful accessories for you to make a drill press table.
- 12 Variable Speeds: 350/450/550/620/720/780/1120/1160/1430/2020/2360/3000 RPM via the belt adjustment. Specially designed for wood working, Low speed for hard object or sheet metal.
The BILT HARD 10 inch 12-Speed Drill Press is a good choice for both the beginner and professional contractor.
The 12 speeds allow you to adjust to any speed you need for your project, so no matter what type of drilling job you have, this drill press will be able to do it. It’s also compact in size so it won’t take up too much space on your workbench or in your garage.
The slotted table can hold clamps and vises as well as provide angled drilling options which make the job easier and more precise than using a handheld drill. Plus, with 3-inch jaws that open up to 3 ½ inches, there is plenty of room for any piece of material large enough to fit inside.
The spiral drill bit set also provides the necessary bits for various applications including wood, plastics, and metals. There are even adapters included using your own standard 1/4 inch drill bits with the 1/2 inch chuck.
All in all, BILT HARD 10 inch 12-Speed Drill Press is a great choice because it has so many uses and is a great value for an affordable price.
Pros
– 12 speeds to choose from, perfect for any project
– Compact design that doesn’t take up too much space
– Drill press is made with durable steel and has a sturdy construction which ensures accurate drilling
– Open slot on the worktable for better versatility
Cons
– A bit heavy, not easy to move around
– The drill press doesn’t come with precise instructions so you might be confused at first if it’s your first time using one of these tools.
TZUTOGETHER Bench Drill
- HIIGH-QUALITY MATERIAL-Mortise drill bit set made of high-quality steel, strong and durable. it with four popular mortising chisel and bit sets: 1/4-inch, 5/16-inch, 3/8-inch and 1/2-inch set.(If there is any accessory error or damage caused by the logistics process, please feel free to get in touch with us, we will solve it for you as soon as possible.)
- POWERFUL-Specially designed for drilling equipment, the special design of the drill bit will not be blocked by sawdust, make work more fluid.
- MULTIFUNCTIONAL -This multifunctional mortise and tenon machine can not only cut wooden mortises such as circles, squares and special squares but also can be used for circular grooves, internal grinding, metal drilling, very useful accessory for the construction workers.
I couldn’t be happier with my purchase. The drill is clearly high quality and works like a charm. I was impressed with the packaging – very professional looking. It made opening the box a pleasurable experience.
It has a pleasant weight to it, but is not so heavy as to be cumbersome. I love that it comes with 4 chisels and a drill bit set for a variety of uses.
This is a great buy for anyone serious about their work!
Pros
– Great drill for a great price
– High quality and durable steel
– Comes with 4 chisels and a drill bit set
– Drill bit set will not be blocked by sawdust
Cons
– None
WEN 4208T 2.3-Amp 8-Inch 5-Speed Benchtop Drill Press
- Features a 2.3A induction motor, an 8-inch swing, and a 2-inch spindle travel
- Includes a 1/2-inch keyed chuck and onboard key storage
- Operates at 5 different speeds: 740, 1100, 1530, 2100, or 3140 RPM
The WEN 4208T 2.3-Amp 8-Inch 5-Speed Drill Press is a great addition to your workshop! This drill press will illuminate your next project. The work table has a nice bevel for angled drilling and the onboard storage of keys is handy. The work table is 8 inches and the spindle travel is 2 inches.
I have been using this drill press for about 7 months now. It works great at 1000RPMs and gets the job done just as well if not better than other drill presses I have used in the past. The onboard storage for the key is nice, but you lose it very quickly. It’s a good idea to keep the key on a lanyard of some kind.
The drill press is pretty heavy and I am glad it has wheels for moving around, but I wish that it folded up somehow or had more stability when not in use. The flat-top area does not hold many tools… maybe one-two smallish tool.
Also, the table is not big enough to clamp down bigger pieces such as a large piece of plywood or MDF. The drill press works best for small-medium-sized projects and boy does it go fast! I would recommend this drill press to anyone looking for a cheap alternative to a larger drill press.
Pros
-Speed is key for this drill press
-Easy to use and a great addition to a workshop
-Even with the speed, it is still easy to control your project
Cons
-Not sturdy
Mortising Attachment – for Drill Press
- Mortising attachment converts a drill press into an accurate mortising machine for woodworking applications
- Allows user to easily chisel accurate, professional-looking square holes
- Attachment fits over drill presses with spindle sliding bush diameters of 52.5mm, 55mm, 58m and 60mm
There are many ways to do so, but it can be time-consuming and require a lot of time and energy to get it right. The Ironton Mortising Attachment may not solve all problems in terms of ease and efficiency, but it does a good job of making the process faster with its attachment that comes with four different chisel shank sizes. You can use this attachment to turn any drill press into a mortiser with different size bushings.
The only thing you need to do is mount it onto your drill press, switch to the correct spindle speed for woodworking, and plunge your chisel right into the wood. You can also use this attachment if you are already using the machine as a simple drill press. It lets you fix your workpiece to both ends of the press.
Pros
– The Ironton Mortising Attachment converts your drill press into an accurate mortising machine for woodworking applications.
– Allows users to easily chisel accurate, professional-looking square holes.
– One of the most difficult tasks in woodworking is cutting a square hole.
Cons
– There are many ways to do so, but it can be time-consuming and require a lot of time and energy to get it right.
Shop Fox D4088 Lathe Attachment for Drill Press
- Includes a base plate with live center, 12-Inch tool rest, mounting bolts, mini screw center and spur center
- Fits all drill presses with a through hole in the table
- Tool rest length: 12"
The Shop Fox W1848 Oscillating Floor Drill Press is a drill press that is planned with a wavering axle for proficient shape sanding. The wavering lessens heat to develop and leaves a smooth completion while sanding.
The table can be tilted 90 degrees in both directions and it also has the option to move out of the way, which allows for drilling or sanding on top of the base. Lastly, this floor model drill press adds capacity and weight for a rock-solid durable build.
Pros
– Lightweight and highly compatible.
– Converts your drill press into a versatile vertical spindle turning machine.
– Easy installation on tables with T-nut slots or slotted through holes.
– Gives you the ability to turn workpieces up to 24 inches in length and 6 inches in diameter.
Cons
– None
JET J-2500, 15″ Drill Press, 115V 1Ph (354400)
- GREATER PRECISION: Enclosed spindle assembly is supported by four permanently-lubricated ball bearings.
- INCREASED SAFETY: Extend the telescoping spindle guard as much as needed.
- ACCURATE OPERATIONS: Large 1-7/8" diameter quill travels 3-1/8".
The J-2500 is a story drill press that has an encased axle get together with four for all time greased up metal balls. It also features increased safety with the telescoping spindle guard, accurate operations with 16 speeds and 3-1/8″ diameter quill travel, consistent repeats with the quick set bolt for fast adjustments on depth stop, and solid support from the large ground steel column.
The J-2500 is perfect for any job site or hobbyist who wants to have more control over their drilling projects. The JET Tools brand offers simple yet powerful products that make your work easier and more efficient than ever before!
Pros
-Large ground steel column and cast iron head
-Cast Iron Head
-Increased safety with the telescoping spindle guard
-16 speeds for more accuracy
Cons
– None
Rikon 12 inch Variable Speed Drill Press
- Corded Electric
- 120 Volts
- 110 Pounds
I found this to be a great purchase on my part. It’s strong, sturdy and has been durable from the moment I bought it. The variable speed is one of the reasons why I am so happy with my purchase. It provides a lot of control during drilling and it makes it easier to get a precise result.
When doing tasks where you have to drill through different types of surfaces, the variable speed allows you to adjust for whatever surface you are going through so that you can get the best result possible without damaging your work area or your power tool itself. This drill press has been really efficient for me when it comes to the jobs that I have in my home.
The price is also something that I’m happy about because it was not expensive at all and yet it performs the tasks that I needed it to do without any issues whatsoever. If you are looking for a power tool that is efficient, versatile and has a great price, I would definitely recommend the Rikon 12 Inch Variable Speed Drill Press.
Pros
– Price is not expensive
– Variable speed provides a lot of control during drilling and it makes it easier to get a precise result.
Cons
– None
JET JDP-20MF 20″ Drill Press, 115/230V 1Ph (354170)
- Versatile Power: 1-1/2 HP motor with 12 speeds from 150 to 4,200 RPM.
- Quick Adjusmentments: 1/2"-diameter external depth stop with three-nut locking feature.
- Smooth Operation: Spindle is supported by high-quality ball bearings.
I’ve been using my drill press for some time now and I’m really happy with it. The Jet 354170 JDP-20MF 20″ Drill Press, 115/230V 1Ph (354170) is more powerful than other drills on the market. It has a 1-1/2 horsepower motor that spins at 12 different speeds from 150 to 4,200 RPM. It also has a speed selector which makes changing the speed of the drill press easier.
What I really like about this drill press is that it comes assembled and doesn’t require any setup. This saves me a lot of time since I just have to set it up once and it’s ready to go for whenever I need it. In addition, the base of the drill press is sturdy which makes this machine very solid and durable. I can rely on it to last for a long time even with daily use.
Pros
– Durable, sturdy base
– Powerful 1.5 HP motor with 12 spindle speeds up to 4,200 RPM for drilling tough materials
– 3/4″ chuck and key included
Cons
– None
Best Drill Press For Woodworking Benefits
The best drill press for woodworking is a tool that can do many different jobs. It’s easy to use and it will help you build your projects with precision. The best drill presses are made from durable materials, so they resist wear and tear while being used on tough materials like metal or granite. Drill presses come in a variety of sizes, but the most common size is the bench-top version which sits on top of your workbench.
If you’re looking for something more portable, there are also compact models which can be moved around easily without taking up too much space in your shop or garage. There are multiple brands out there to choose from like Dewalt, Bosch, and Rockwell; all these companies manufacture high-quality products that will last you a lifetime. Here are some of the best drill presses currently available on the market (in no particular order):
The best drill presses will make your woodworking projects easier and they’ll create clean, smooth cuts every time. The right tool for the job ensures you won’t need to worry about using subpar products which could damage your material or cause your projects to fail.
If you’re looking for a drill press, know that if it’s not made with quality materials then it will break down quickly and it won’t help you produce accurate cuts during use. Drill presses come in many shapes and sizes so you’ll be able to find one that fits your needs.
Factors To Consider When Choosing Best Drill Press For Woodworking
In the following paragraphs, we’ll discuss how to choose a drill press for woodworking.
Consider The Different Types Of Drill Presses
There are a few different types of drill presses that you can use in your woodworking projects. You have bench-top models which sit on top of your workbench and compact versions which are easier to move around if necessary. Bench-top models take up more space but they’re usually sturdier than their portable counterparts; it’s best to compare all the options before making your final decision.
Look For Durability
When looking at potential drill presses, make sure they’re durable enough for what you need them for. If you’re only using them occasionally then picking something lightweight is fine, but if you use them often then make sure they’re sturdy and high-quality.
Choose A Model That Fits Your Budget
Drill presses can range in price depending on the brand and whether or not it comes with additional features. Make sure you have a set budget before searching for your drill press so you don’t blow your money on something you can’t afford. Know what you need it for and find the drill press that fits those needs as well as your budget.
Choose The Right Size
Most people want a bench-top drill press because they’re usually sturdier than their portable counterparts. If you have a workbench then it’s best to choose one that fits on top so you don’t need to worry about it not being stable. A bench-top drill press will typically weigh more than a portable version, so think about where you’d like to put it before making your decision.
Make Sure The Drill Press Has Enough Power
There are some drill presses that only have 650 RPM while others have 1,500 RPM. Some people only need the lower speeds for softer materials while others need faster speeds to cut through denser material. If you plan on using your drill press for tougher materials then make sure it has enough power to get the job done quickly.
Take A Test Drive
It’s always best to test out a drill press before you make your purchase. Bring some materials with you when shopping so you can see how they work in real life instead of relying on product descriptions or customer reviews. Drill presses are made to work with specific materials, so pick something up and put it in the press to test its accuracy.
Compare Prices
You’ll be able to find a drill press for almost any budget. You don’t have to spend a lot of money on a high-end model, but you also don’t want to waste your money on something that will break down quickly. Do some comparison shopping before making your final decision and choose the drill press that gives you the most bang for your buck.
Some of you might be appealed to the DIY products, and you know what, you guys can totally create a mobile drill press by yourself. This video below is going to show you the way from scratch:
Conclusion
If you want to find a drill press that will last and produce accurate cuts, then it’s important to research the product before making your purchase. There are many different types of drill presses available so make sure yours is durable enough for what you need it for.
If you’re only using them occasionally then picking something lightweight is fine but if you use them often then choose one that is sturdy and high-quality. It’s also best not to skimp on price since some models may break down quickly or be too expensive when comparing features with their competitors.
That being said, there are plenty of affordable options out there in most budgets, just take your time!